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APPLICATION OF WORK
-
LIFE BALANCE IN BANKING: A STUDY OF ITS
IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE WELL
-
BEING
Silvy Sondari Gadzali
Faculty of Administrative Sciences, Subang University, Indonesia
[email protected]
ABSTRACT
Work
-
life
balance
is a policy and program that an organization or company can offer to workers to
minimize the pressure and conflict of many roles when balancing career and family. Work
-
life balance
itself is an important issue for now, balancing work time and personal life
is a challenge that must be
faced by the majority of employees who work in the banking industry. The purpose of this study is to
analyze the impact of
work
-
life balance
implementation on employee welfare, including, job satisfaction,
health, and personal life harmony. This research uses qualitative methods through literature review or
documentation studies. Data is collected sourced from documents, books, journals, articl
es/other online
media. The result of this study is the finding of the impact of the implementation of
work
-
life balance
in the banking industry which has an impact on employee welfare in terms of mental health able to
reduce employee stress levels, physi
cal health, career sustainability, financial health, community and
social security
.
Keywords:
Work
-
Life Balance
;
Banking Industry
INTRODUCTION
Work
-
life balance or commonly referred to as
work
-
life
balance has a definition that the
balance between work and life outside of work itself makes a person's ability to arrange many
demands in life simultaneously, so that they can make themselves fit through both roles they have
(Putra, 2023)
.
Work
-
life
balance according to Schermerhon (2005) in his journal Putra (2023) is
a person's ability to balance two life roles including the role of a worker and a role in personal life
and relating to p
eople in the surrounding environment
.
According to Krichmeyer (2000) in his journal Dennira and Ekowati (2020),
work
-
life
balance
is defined by satisfying experiences obtained in all living environments that require
personal resources such as energy, time
and commitment in the process to be well distributed
throughout the environment
(Fan & Potočnik, 2021)
. According to Wayne
et al
(2017) in their
journal, Denira and Ekowati (2023) define
work
-
life
balance as a state of balance that is
interpreted by each individual. Therefore, balance is not only interpreted as a comparability
between work, family and personal life, but a balanced
desire between the individual's life and
career environment
(Dennira & Ekowati, 2020a)
.
Work
-
life
balance
is a policy and program that an organization or company can offer to
workers to min
imize the pressure and conflict of many roles when balancing career and
family
(Dennira & Ekowati, 2020a)
.
By helping workers or employees achieve
work
-
life balance,
it
will have an influenc
e on the organization or company because it can increase the mental health
and job satisfaction of the employees themselves. An important issue in today's work and social
environment is
work
-
life balance
because there are two triggering environments that b
ecome
imbalances, namely personal life and work
(Destilasilika & Perdhana, 2023)
. Balancing
work time
and personal life is a challenge that must be faced by the majority of employees who work
in
organizations or companies, one of which is banking
companies
(Dennira & Ekowati, 2020a)
.
There are three aspects of
work
-
life
balance in his journal Putra (2023) described by
Hudson (2005) along with these three aspects, namely first, the balance of time related to the time
given to work, the balanced fam
ily, social and personal roles of workers. The second aspect, the
balance of involvement is related to the level of psychological involvement both in the scope of
work and the balanced family, social and personal roles of workers that make an employee or
w
orker after work can be involved and enjoy his physical and emotional involvement in his social
activities. The third aspect, the balance of satisfaction is related to the balance of the quality of
satisfaction at work, family, social, and personal roles t
hen views the activities carried out so far
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-
Life Balance In Banking: A Study of its Impact on Employee Well
-
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2023
are
quite good and can help needs outside work and the quality and quantity of work that has been
complete
(Putra, 2023)
.
The banking industry is a
service industry that is currently developing and has become one
of the companies that participate in encouraging economic progress and growth in Indonesia
because it has contributed to national income by the service industry which is useful for
accommoda
ting public funds and channeling back to productive economic activities
(Mutiasari,
2020)
.
The high working hours in the banking industry are a problem regarding
work
-
life balance
in the industry. Not a few banking employees who get emails or text messages about work outside
of working hours. So that employees are unable to limit themselves betw
een work and personal
life
(Hartono & Perdhana, 2021)
.
From the 2020 population census data taken from the official website of the Central Bureau
of Statistics of the Republic of Indonesia,
the millennial generation is still ranked second with
35,394,641 millennial men and 34,305,331 millennial women
(Badan Pusat Statistik, 2020)
.
The
existence of
work
-
life balance
is much desi
red by the millennial generation than the previous
generation. This generation is no longer money
-
oriented but more interested in
work
-
life balance.
Millennials prioritize their time on family, friends, and lifestyle, this happens because they spend
a lot
of time with family, friends and have their own interests outside the workplace to socialize
or just channel hobbies
(Dennira & Ekowati, 2020a)
.
From the results of a survey
conducted by
Wicaksana, Suryadi and Asrunputri (2020) about identifying
the dimensions of
work
-
life balance
in
millennial generation employees in the banking sector. The result is
work
-
life balance
by the
millennial generation is used as a form of motivat
ion, encouragement and enthusiasm to do
something outside of work related to the target to be achieved in addition to the current job. More
than that, work
-
life balance is also seen by the millennial generation as a form of need to control
the
quality of o
ne's own life such as things related to family, finances, life achievements that will
arise from the results of improved work quality
(Mulyapradana et al., 2021; Wicaksana et al.,
2020)
.
Wor
k
-
life
balance policies
have been widely used in various industries in the country, one
of which is in the banking industry in Indonesia, in order to reduce the number of conflicts that
occur due to imbalances over the multiple roles that must be carried
out by banking employees,
because of the complexity of the roles carried out so that work
-
life balance policies began to be
applied and began to get attention in most companies so that employees can work optimally and
can provide satisfactory impact or le
ad results in work
.
Based on this, the purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of the implementation of
work
-
life balance
on employee welfare, including, job satisfaction, health, and personal life
harmony
.
RESEARCH METHOD
This research uses qualitative research methods through literature review or documentation
studies. The purpose of this study is to understand the experience of phenomena by research
subjects such as behavior, motivation, perception, action as a whole thro
ugh a descriptive way in
a specific context experienced. Research steps can be
collected through data collection sourced
from documents, books, journals, articles / other online media
(Sidiq et al., 2019)
.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Implementation of
Work
-
life balance
in Banking
Based on research conducted by Dennira & Ekowati (2020) at the Sharia State Savings
Bank Company, according to employees in the banking industry, it illustrates that the success
aspect of the family environment can be achieved if the fulfillment of role re
sponsibilities in the
family such as harmonious family relationships, family members who provide understanding and
success in educating children. The success of the work environment is described by the success
of a work career with the achievement of happi
ness in work such as targets achieved, comfort
and happiness at work. Closeness to the social environment, hobbies that are fulfilled is a form
of success in the personal environment. Meanwhile, the success of the employee's spiritual
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o
f Work
-
Life Balance In Banking:
A
Study
o
f
i
ts Impact
o
n Employee Well
-
Being
816
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8
),
August
2023
environment illustrat
es through the establishment of a relationship with God and fellow humans
in terms of the fulfillment of the quality of worship, and inner happiness
(Dennira & Ekowati,
2020a)
.
This opinion
was later confirmed by other employees who said so.
Work
-
life balance
is
defined as a form of margin of living environment that is clearly separated by bank employees,
It aims to
put the position of rights and obligations clearly from the work, family, pe
rsonal, and
spiritual environment. Employees at the bank have the principle that the ideal of balance is no
longer fixed between work and family, he sees that work
-
life balance is not only part of the life
of the world, but eternal life in the hereafter i
s a part that must be considered also in the
application of work
-
life balance
(Dennira & Ekowati, 2020a)
.
The employee of the Sharia State Savings Bank also said that he would reach the top of
the balance if he had succeeded in sharing the resources he had fairly and fairly, but one of the
other employees said that an even
distribution of time would not be enough to achieve life balance
but the basis for life balance itself was the moment
(Shanafelt et al., 2015)
, Whether it's in a
work or family environment,
if the time given becomes a quality moment, then that time can be
a sense of happiness in itself. In this case, it was then reinforced by the findings of Rahman, W
(2021) in his journal which examined the implementation of quality of work life in increas
ing
the commitment of bank muamalat pare
-
pare employees that in the banking world the
fundamental problem he always faces is about how to manage human resources that the company
has set. The implementation of quality of work life is a form of effort from
the company to
improve employee performance and commitment, until now the company is still developing the
accuracy of quality of work life for its employees, so that later the company can run well which
is the result of human resource management satisfact
ion
(Rahman, 2021a)
.
The fulfillment of the quality of work life in a company can be measured through the
following:
1)
Communication is one of the important indicators in an
organization or company to create
a good personal relationship for each employee during working hours or outside of it,
aiming to establish mutual understanding between bank employees. In every interaction,
Bank Muamalat Parepare can give attention and imp
lementation well to its employees so
that with that communication, Bank Muamalat Parepare has good communication
.
2)
Job satisfaction is a person's behavior at work that can be a reference to see the condition
of a company or organization. According to the st
atement of its employees, Bank
Muamalat Parepare does not exert excessive pressure so that its employees can work
comfortably and evenly and conducively. Providing adequate facilities and providing
opportunities for employees to develop is also a form of s
atisfaction
.
3)
Conflict resolution, a worker's discomfort over his interests being opposed by others arises
from differences in assumptions about goals achieved or emotions obtained by one
employee who makes a dispute on both sides. From the information obta
ined by its
employees that the bank muamalat pare
-
pare so far has never had a big conflict between
its employees, only a small problem that must be resolved as soon as possible and at that
time
.
4)
Career development includes career planning that is passed by
an employee to research
and take steps to achieve one's career goals and career management is a process carried out
by an organization or company to assess and assign employees for the availability of
employees who are competent in meeting future needs. A
ccording to the employee's
statement that Bank Muamalat provides a good career path by looking at the quality and
contribution of its workers, therefore employees who want to develop their careers must
work harder and provide all the potential that exists
in their employees as best as possible,
with that the company will provide training and education opportunities for job
improvement for its employees
.
5)
Compensation, providing good compensation for the wishes of employees and the
company's abilities, so as
to create and establish a healthy cooperative relationship and
become a form of fulfillment of the quality of work life
.
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6)
The participation of human resources in the work environment becomes part of human life
itself. Various forms of employee participatio
n in order to realize the goals of the
organization or company. Through the information of its employees that Bank Muamalat
Parepare provides freedom of action and
carries out the duties given and involved in
making plans as the sustainability of the compa
ny
(Rahman, 2021b)
.
The above information can be interpreted that the quality of work life should not only be
for hiring employees, workers also need recognition of their dignity and want to
be democratic.
So that the quality of work life is a full concern by bank muamalat which has an impact on the
loyalty of qualified employees
(Rahman, 2021a)
.
The insistence on work at the managerial level in the banking industry will affect the
physical and psychological health condition of each individual. When employees get a lot of
workload quantitatively and qualitativel
y such as insistence on time limits that must be met, work
targets that exceed the limits of one's ability, and the amount of work done can affect a person's
health condition. This results in work fatigue or
burnout
also causes stress which results in a
de
crease in a person's physical health condition
(Dennira & Ekowati, 2020a)
.
This
is reinforced by
the results of research from Poluan, (2018) from the results of his research on Bank Negara
Ind
onesia employees found that the excessive workload given by companies to their employees
can significantly affect employee
performance
(Poluan, 2018)
.
The emergence of stress is the impact o
f life imbalances due to aspects of family life, as
well as spiritual that is not channeled due to having to do a lot of work
(Dennira & Ekowati, 2020b)
.
Work
-
life imbalance is one of the causes of high levels of employee stress and can increase the
desire of employees to stop working
(Syarifah & Etikariena, 2021)
.
This is in line with the results
of his research, Noor (2011) in his journal Manggaharti &; Noviati (2019) explained that good
work
-
life balance
can be an employee's unwillingness to leave the workplace or company. This
shows that
work
-
life balanc
e
needs to be considered by companies for their employees, in order
to support company productivity as well as employee welfare
(Manggaharti & Noviati, 2019)
.
Therefore,
work
-
life balance
is
very necessary and receives attention to support
psychological health. Because the afterlife is one part of the
work
-
life balance
so that spiritual
activities carried out within BTN Syariah can provide encouragement for improving the quality
of spirituali
ty for individuals. One thing that is believed by a person who works in a sharia
environment is that the value of "working as worship" can benefit and fulfill religious values, so
that individuals who are intended to work for worship can provide a sense of
tranquility and
comfort in working
(Dennira & Ekowati, 2020a)
.
This is in line with Balane's understanding
of
work
-
life
in his journal Poluan (2018) which is defined as the
concept of balance between career
life and lifestyle, such as health, family, happiness and spiritual
development
(Poluan, 2018)
.
In their research, Syarifah &; Etikariena (2021), the impac
t of the Covid
-
19 pandemic
situation on PT Bank Syariah X brings problems to Indonesian citizens, including employees
who are transitioning to work from home and office. Individual aspects such as emotional,
physical, and psychological to economic and cult
ural aspects are affected by COVID
-
19. This
condition triggers uncertainty, urgency, and confusion which results in stress and panic in the
community. In this covid pandemic situation, quite a lot of employees at PT Bank Syariah X
experience uncertain psyc
hological conditions that affect productivity at work
(Syarifah &
Etikariena, 2021)
.
The results of the research conducted found that, most employees of PT Bank Syariah
X
display high levels
of work stress in the company. As a result of the reduction in the number of
employees at PT Bank Syariah X which is quite a lot so that workers at PT Bank Syariah X are
required to continue to be productive along with the increasing workload. There are t
wo factors
that are used as predictors of stress, the first is internal factors and external factors, in their journal
Syarifah &; Etikariena (2021) according to Shukla &; Srivastava (2016) from the results of
research on participants in India, it was foun
d that low
work
-
life balance
is one of the internal
factors causing
work stress. Poor work
-
life balance has a negative impact on employee health
and well
-
being
(Syarifah & Etikariena, 2021)
.
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i
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The workplace flexibility policy has never been done before by PT Bank Syariah X. Due
to the Covid
-
19 pandemic, the government has made demands on every company, one of which
is PT Bank Syariah X, for the first time th
e work from home policy has been implemented. So
far, technology media such as video conferencing applications are mostly only used for
gatherings with the company's external team, but now the use of technology
media has become a
new style of daily work b
y the company's internal team. In today's digital era technology and
information are progressing, it is possible for employees to work flexibly anywhere and anytime.
Now it is starting to be known with a new work style, namely the policy of working from ho
me
with flexibility and time by utilizing technological devices
to support work
(Syarifah & Etikariena,
2021)
.
A survey conducted to various industrial sectors in Indonesia to 1,140 workers,
the survey
results showed that employees were happier and felt happier when the work from home policy
was implemented. Through reliability tests, the regression equation was found to have a negative
and significant relationship between work
-
life balance a
nd stress. From the data the results found
are a sign that the
high level of work
-
life balance is followed by a decrease in the level of
employee work stress and vice versa if the
work
-
life balance is low, the level of work stress of
PT Bank Syariah X e
mployees increases
(Syarifah & Etikariena, 2021)
.
This is also reinforced from
the results of his research, Manggaharti &; Noviati (2019) that low work
-
life balance will have a
negative effec
t on social life as well as his work life
(Manggaharti & Noviati, 2019)
.
CONCLUSION
Based on the results of the above research on the application of work
-
life balance, it can
be concluded that the application of work
-
life balance and personal life in the banking sector has
a significant in
fluence on the company Bank Tabungan Negara Syariah Indonesia, the application
of work
-
life balance has an impact on employee welfare, especially on mental health due to the
implementation of work
-
life balance In these companies, it can have an impact on
psychological
health and provide peace and happiness at work as well as good career continuity because the
impact of implementing work
-
life balance makes employees unwilling to leave the company.
Instead, it supports company productivity and employee welf
are
.
The results of the implementation of
work
-
life balance
at Bank Muamalat Indonesia have
an impact on quality employee loyalty, almost all employee welfare indicators are met through
the implementation of these policies such as physical health because
employees in the company
have never encountered major problems that cause disability in their employees, in terms of
career continuity is also very good because the company provides and provides Training and
education to its employees to support the career
continuity of its employees, in terms of financial
health is also good because the company provides compensation to its employees, in terms of
community it is also adequate because of the participation of human resources in the company
which provides free
dom of action so that the realization of the goals of the company, in terms of
mental health is also good because the company does not provide work pressure excessive so that
job satisfaction in the company is fulfilled, social security is also good becaus
e in its work
practice Bank Muamalat Indonesia pays attention to and implements good interaction with its
employees
.
In the implementation of work
-
life balance at PT Bank Syariah X also has a good impact
on the welfare of its employees through a
policy of flexibility in the place and time of work at
the company makes its employees feel happy and happy in carrying out work while taking care
of the personal lives of their employees so that from the research data produced that the high level
of work
-
life balance and personal life is followed by a decrease in stress levels in Bank employees
so as to create employee mental health at PT Bank Syariah X. Not only that, the results of the
implementation of work
-
life balance also have an impact on the welfa
re of employees in their
relationship with God because in principle, work
-
life balance is defined as "work is considered
worship", especially by employees in the Islamic banking industry. So that with it balance the
problems of work and personal life and
also the afterlife
.
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