those needs, then economic problems arise there (Gunawijaya, 2017). Economic problems are

one of the problems that arise today in our beloved country. The problems faced by the

government in the economic field are very diverse and interrelated with each other. Indonesia

as a country where its national development essentially has one of the goals, namely advancing

general welfare (Halim, 2020) Economic problems can be solved with firm policies and

implementation from the government.

before the pandemic, namely 5.4 percent (YoY). This condition indicates the continued

economic recovery of Indonesia and further strengthened, driven by increased public mobility

due to the easing of travel requirements during the Eid al-Fitr holiday. Real Gross Domestic

economy in 2023 slows down, even grows negatively. Demand is reduced, causing many

companies to lay off their employees. This will lead to mass unemployment.

economic policy, especially a country's monetary policy, strives to keep inflation at the level

of creeping inflation (Ronaldo, 2019) Then the problem of unemployment is a problem for all

countries in the world. High unemployment rates will disrupt the country's national stability.

So every country strives to maintain the unemployment rate at a reasonable level.

for the national scope and Gross Regional Domestic Product (GDP) for the regional scope

(Ronaldo, 2019). In addition to being influenced by internal factors, a country's economic

especially in the economic field.

economics, there are always new problems to be solved before there are no more problems.

Every problem that exists is also influenced by certain causes to cause the problem in question.

in Indonesia economically, it has actually been hit by a case. Here are some reasons why:

descriptive, with the intention of obtaining an overview of the dimensions of correlation-

synergy between the economy and existing reality. In the hope of awakening a complete

substantive thinking (not dichotomous and partial) about the role of the economy in a country

on economic development. After qualitative data is found, it will then be analyzed based on

observations or discoveries in the field.

dimensions of correlation-synergy between economics and reality objectively describing the

state of the subject/object based on the facts studied.

experienced slowing growth compared to the previous two years, namely 3.9 percent in 2017

and 3.6 percent in 2018. The value of world economic growth in 2019 is also below the IMF

prediction in April 2019 which stated that the world economy grew by 3.3 percent (Banurea,

2021). The global economic slowdown is indicated by slowing economic growth in several

advanced countries. In the group of developed countries, there was a slowdown of up to 0.5

percentage points (Banurea, 2021).

by taking into account population growth accompanied by fundamental changes in the

economic structure of a country and the distribution of income for the population of a country

(Yusuf & Setiawan, 2022). Thus economic development cannot be separated from economic

growth, economic development encourages economic growth, and vice versa, economic

government's obligation to prosper its people.

poverty is a major problem in economic development. Thus in economic objectives, the two

problems are stated together so that they become one sentence namely increase in national

income and poverty reduction,

these problems. This is evidenced by the large number of poor people, the majority of whom

live in rural areas that are difficult to access. Poverty can be interpreted as where a person

cannot meet his daily needs due to various causes, one of which is the low level of income

obtained.

Economic growth of a country is one of the indicators to measure the success of the

country's development. Economic growth can be seen from the level of production of

goods and services that can be produced within a certain period of time. Economic growth

in developing countries such as Indonesia is often hampered by funding and investment

problems. Indonesia still relies on foreign investment funds to support its economic

activities.

Economic activities in each region will vary, a high concentration of economic

activity in certain regions is one of the factors that cause development inequality between

regions. Economic growth in areas with high economic concentration tends to be rapid,

decreases and people's economic activity decreases.

Poverty is a condition where people cannot meet their basic needs. The basic

necessities of life are clothing, clothing, shelter, education and health. It is difficult to make

it happen if people live in poverty and high unemployment, due to the inequality of control

of productive resources is still very real (Halim, 2020).

It is this cycle of poverty that must be broken by an even and unequal process of

economic growth. And accompanied by the growth of the financial sector that can reach

the poor themselves, so that the combination of economic growth and financial sector

growth is expected to break the chain of poverty which in turn can reduce the number of

This is due to the outbreak that hit all over Indonesia, namely the existence of Coronavirus

Disease. Coronavirus (Indayani & Hartono, 2020). This is what causes a lot of

unemployment everywhere.

In general, unemployment is defined as people who are not working. Unemployment

is the core link of problems that can cause several problems in a country.

Unemployment is caused by an imbalance between the size of the labor force and

the number of jobs or employment opportunities. As a result, many workers cannot be

absorbed by employment, resulting in unemployment.

To achieve these expectations, the government needs to implement policies in the

field of employment, such as improving the quality of labor or human resources, creating

the same time, low-income people cannot meet their basic needs even though they have

the most basic needs.

According to Solow's theory, the standard is only able to explain how a country's

economy can grow, but not enough to explain the gap in per capita income levels between

countries in the world (Widiansyah et al., 2017).

Differences in groups of people with certain incomes raise the issue of income

disparity. Therefore, the government needs to play a role in equitable distribution of

income.

This will cause a decrease in people's purchasing power for goods and services.

Inflation has an impact on sluggish economic activity, lack of public confidence in

and Mexico. Debt that continues to accumulate causes various economic problems, such

as the value of the rupiah that continues to fall.

In 2022, the government's debt position reached IDR 7,123.6 trillion or 39.6 percent

of GDP (Deputi Bidang Ekonomi, 2022). Indonesia's government debt must be repaid after

careful calculation and consideration of Indonesia's financial situation. The debt collection

process has been arranged in such a way that regulations are made so that government

agencies are not arbitrary in receiving debts.

In the midst of times like this, the government seems to be in debt to cover the state

budget deficit in order to continue to achieve state development so that the economy

continues to function, besides that interest in global sukuk is also renewed released by

Indonesia.

The increasing interest in sukuk issued by Indonesia is a good thing because it means

medium-term economic growth prospects and high, relatively low debt levels.Thus, the

Indonesian state can give a good impression to those who want to invest so that Indonesia

can develop in the midst of a pandemic like this.

With the outbreak of corona virus Disease 19, the government experienced a budget

deficit and the state, both politically, economically, and socially, became unstable which

then caused a budget deficit (Ronaldo, 2019). This has caused Indonesia to experience a

slowdown in economic growth.

The Indonesian state budget is always in deficit, deficit is when the budget

expenditure is greater than the budget revenue. This is one of the reasons our country's

resources.

But since the country can't handle it, the country has to ask for foreign aid. As a

result, part of the profits are sent abroad while Indonesia only collects income from taxes

and labor wages.

Although Indonesia's population is the 4th largest in the world, the quality is still

very poor. So Indonesia always lacks experts and must bring them from abroad. While

most Indonesians who work abroad can only be helpers.

Mastery of science and technology in Indonesia is still very lacking. This is because

government programs that go awry, to law enforcement that goes awry and squanders

money.

The government's failure to control food prices has pushed up food prices, especially

basic commodities. Along with that, the area of agricultural land is shrinking due to the

conversion of land into housing.

It is ironic considering that Indonesia is a very fertile agricultural country. One of

the causes is the lack of attention to the welfare of farmers. To meet current food needs,

the government must import from abroad.

Indonesia is really growing rapidly. But unfortunately, only part of the area was built

while the other part was abandoned. This leads to social inequality and increasingly dense

the conditions and ideology of the country concerned. The four economic systems are the

traditional economic system, the centralized economic system, the market economic system,

and the mixed economic system. Through this economic system, we can apply it according to

the economic situation of a country to solve economic problems.

This economic system is an economic system that is organized together for the common

In this economic system, the government is very active, all the necessities of life, including

security and defense, are planned by the government centrally. The deployment was

carried out by areas under central command.

So the questions of what and how much, how and for whom the goods are produced, are

all solved by the government at the central level. Freedom to conduct economic activities

is restricted so that individual initiative cannot flourish.

In general, this centralized economic system applies to countries of communist ideology.

But because it is not in accordance with the wishes of the people, it has recently been

abandoned.

consumers.

One of the characteristics of a market economic system is the presence of free competition.

As a result, the strong become stronger, while the weak become more and more helpless.

To remedy this situation, the government intervened through laws and regulations deemed

necessary, so that a controlled market economy system was formed, and no longer a free

economy.

Mixed economic systems are often applied in developing countries. In this system, private

and government parties are also recognized. This means that in addition to the private

economic sector, there are also state planning agencies that regulate the direction and

development of the economy.

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